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Modelica Language Documents - Version 3.6 - March 2023
Modelica is a free object-oriented modeling language with a textual definition to describe physical systems in a convenient way by differential, algebraic and discrete equations. A Modelica modeling environment is needed to edit or to browse a Modelica model graphically in form of a composition diagram (= schematic). A Modelica translator is needed to transform a Modelica model into a form (usually C-code) which can be simulated by standard tools (see the tools page). The following documents describe the Modelica language:
- The Modelica Specification, version 3.6 (PDF format) and also externally as PDF and as HTML is the official definition of the Modelica language and includes the grammar, the semantic specification and a definition of the built-in operators.
- The development process of the Modelica specification is carried out on GitHub. To report issues with the language specification, please check on the GitHub issue tracker if something similar has already reported. If not, please open a new issue yourself.
- An overview article about the Modelica language, Modelica libraries,
Modelica tools and the Modelica Association is available here (PDF
format, 160 Kbyte). This version still refers to Modelica version
1.4, but works well as an introductory text.
- References to introductory books of Modelica as well as
numerous publications with regards to different aspects of the language,
of Modelica libraries, of the transformation algorithms of Modelica translators,
and of Modelica applications are available from the
publications page.
Modelica documents from other sources:
Modelica Language Documents - Previous Versions
Modelica Language Documents - Version 3.5 - February 2021
- The externally available PDF and as HTML is the official definition of the Modelica Specification version 3.5 and includes the grammar, the semantic specification and a definition of the built-in operators.
Modelica Language Documents - Version 3.4 - April 2017
- The Modelica Specification,
version 3.4 (PDF format) is the official definition of the Modelica language
and includes the grammar, the semantic specification and a definition of the
built-in operators. The same document with revision marks with respect to version 3.3 Revision 1
(PDF format).
Modelica Version 3.3 Revision 1 - July 2014
- The Modelica Specification,
version 3.3 Revision 1 (PDF format, 2239 Kbyte) is the official definition of the Modelica language
and includes the grammar, the semantic specification and a definition of the
built-in operators. The same document with revision marks with respect to version 3.3
(PDF format, 2365 Kbyte).
Modelica Version 3.3 - May 2012
- The Modelica Specification,
version 3.3 (PDF format, 1473 Kbyte) is the official definition of the Modelica language
and includes the grammar, the semantic specification and a definition of the
built-in operators. The same document with revision marks with respect to version 3.2 Revision 1
(PDF format, 1706 Kbyte).
Modelica Version 3.2 Revision 2 - July 2013
- The Modelica Specification,
version 3.2 Revision 2 (PDF format, 1891 Kbyte)
clarifies and fixes issues of the specification text. Furthermore, it adds a few new features to Version 3.2 Revision 1, in order that the Modelica Standard Library version 3.2.1 is fully compliant to the Modelica Language Version 3.2 Revision 2. The same document with revision marks with respect to version 3.2 revision 1 (PDF format, 1980 Kbyte).
Modelica Version 3.2 Revision 1 - February 2012
- The Modelica Specification,
version 3.2 Revision 1 (PDF format, 1319 Kbyte) is the official definition of the Modelica language
and includes the grammar, the semantic specification and a definition of the
built-in operators. The same document with revision marks with respect to version 3.2
(PDF format, 1374 Kbyte).
Modelica Version 3.2 - March 2010
- The Modelica Specification,
version 3.2 (PDF format, 1599 Kbyte) is the official definition of the Modelica language
and includes the grammar, the semantic specification and a definition of the
built-in operators. The same document with revision marks with respect to version 3.1
(PDF format, 1355 Kbyte).
Modelica Version 3.1 - May 2009
- The Modelica Specification,
version 3.1 (PDF format, 1586 Kbyte) is the official definition of the Modelica language
and includes the grammar, the semantic specification and a definition of the
built-in operators. Same document with revision marks with respect to version 3.0 (PDF,
1422 Kbyte).
Modelica Version 3.0 - September 2007
- The Modelica Specification, version 3.0 (PDF format, 1621 Kbyte) is the official definition of the Modelica language and includes the grammar, the semantic specification and a definition of the built-in operators. Since the specification text was newly structured and newly written, it is not meaningful to show the differences to the previous version 2.2. The main changes in the language and the contributors are summarized in appendix D1.
Modelica Version 2.2 - February 2005
- The Modelica Specification, version
2.2 (PDF format, 704 Kbyte) is the official definition of the Modelica language
and includes the grammar, the semantic specification and a definition of the
built-in operators. Same document with revision marks (PDF,
740 Kbyte).
Modelica Version 2.1 - March 2004
- The Modelica Specification, version 2.1 (PDF format, 600 Kbyte) is the official definition of the Modelica language and includes the grammar, the semantic specification and a definition of the built-in operators.
Modelica Version 2.0 - July 2002
- The Modelica Specification, version 2.0 (PDF format, 1100 Kbyte) is the official definition of the Modelica language and includes the grammar, the semantic specification and a definition of the built-in operators.
- A detailed description of the enhancements introduced by Modelica 2.0 are given in the papers:
- M. Otter, H. Olsson: New Features in Modelica 2.0. 2nd International Modelica Conference, March 18-19, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, Proceedings, pp. 7.1 - 7.12, 2002.
- Mattsson S. E., Elmqvist H., Otter M., and Olsson H.: Initialization of Hybrid Differential-Algebraic Equations in Modelica 2.0. 2nd International Modelica Conference, March 18-19, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, Proceedings, pp. 9 - 15, 2002.
Modelica Version 1.4 - December 2000
- The Modelica Tutorial, version 1.4 (PDF format, 180 Kbyte) gives a comprehensive overview of all language elements with many practical examples. This version refers to Modelica version 1.4, but works still well as an introductory text for other versions.
- The Modelica Specification, version 1.4 (PDF format, 340 Kbyte) is the official definition of the Modelica language and includes the grammar, the semantic specification and a definition of the built-in operators.
Modelica Version 1.3 - December 1999
The Modelica Tutorial and Design Rationale can be downloaded from (PDF), with changes to previous versions marked or from (PDF) in the current form without revision marks.
The semantic specification of Modelica version 1.3 can be downloaded from (PDF, with revision marks). with changes to previous versions marked or from (PDF, no revision marks) only in the current form.
Modelica Version 1.2 - June 1999
Modelica Tutorial and Design Rationale, (Portable Document Format), updated to Modelica 1.2.
The semantic specification of Modelica version 1.2 can be downloaded from (PDF, with revision marks). with changes to previous versions marked or from (PDF, no revision marks) only in the current form.
Modelica Version 1.1 - December 1998
Modelica Tutorial and Design Rationale, (Portable Document Format), updated to Modelica 1.1.
The semantic specification of Modelica version 1.1 can be downloaded in Portable Document Format.
Modelica Version 1.0 - September 1997
Modelica 1.0 Language Definition (Portable Document Format)
This is the official definition of Modelica version 1, and includes the tutorial part.
